La presente investigación se refiere a los factores que condicionan la práctica enfermera
en el primer nivel de atención. Considerando que enfermería en su práctica
autónoma debe brindar cuidados holísticos enfocados a la salud comunitaria, se
formula el siguiente problema: “¿Cuáles son los factores que condicionan la práctica
enfermera en los Centros de Atención Primaria de la salud de Viedma, Río Negro, en el
último trimestre del año 2016? El tipo de estudio fue descriptivo y de corte transversal,
con un enfoque cualitativo, realizándose una entrevista estructurada de preguntas
abiertas, a una muestra de diez enfermeros que trabajan en los CAPS de Viedma. Los
datos obtenidos se analizaron teniendo en cuenta la estrategia de la atención primaria de
salud, que enfatiza el trabajo comunitario. Los resultados más relevantes indican que los
enfermeros realizan escasas actividades de extensión a la comunidad, teniendo como
limitantes el modelo médico hegemónico; en algunos casos poca capacitación en el
área y limitada comunicación con el nivel institucional. Se concluye que existe una
importante necesidad de capacitación en el primer nivel e implementación de normativas
por parte de las instituciones. Si esto fuera llevado a cabo enfermería podría realizar una
atención comunitaria proporcionando herramientas que empoderen a la comunidad
fortaleciendo su autocuidado. The present investigation refers to the factors that condition the nursing practice in the
first level of attention. Considering that nursing in its autonomous practice should
provide holistic care focused on community health, the following problem is formulated:
"What are the factors that condition the practice of nursing in the Primary Health Care
Centers of Viedma, Río Negro, in the last quarter of 2016? The type of study was
descriptive and cross-sectional, with a qualitative approach, carrying out a structured
interview of open questions, to a sample of ten nurses working in the Viedma CAPS.
The data obtained were analyzed taking into account the strategy of primary health
care, which emphasizes community work. The most relevant results indicate that the
nurses carry out scarce activities of extension to the community, having as limiting the
hegemonic medical model; in some cases few training in the area and limited
communication with the institutional level. It is concluded that there is an important
need for training in the first level and implementation of regulations by the
institutions. If this were carried out nursing could carry out community care by providing
tools that empower the community by strengthening their self-care.
The present investigation refers to the factors that condition the nursing practice in the
first level of attention. Considering that nursing in its autonomous practice should
provide holistic care focused on community health, the following problem is formulated:
"What are the factors that condition the practice of nursing in the Primary Health Care
Centers of Viedma, Río Negro, in the last quarter of 2016? The type of study was
descriptive and cross-sectional, with a qualitative approach, carrying out a structured
interview of open questions, to a sample of ten nurses working in the Viedma CAPS.
The data obtained were analyzed taking into account the strategy of primary health
care, which emphasizes community work. The most relevant results indicate that the
nurses carry out scarce activities of extension to the community, having as limiting the
hegemonic medical model; in some cases few training in the area and limited
communication with the institutional level. It is concluded that there is an important
need for training in the first level and implementation of regulations by the
institutions. If this were carried out nursing could carry out community care by providing
tools that empower the community by strengthening their self-care.
